Duplicator



April 2, 1935.

A. MARCHEV DUPLICATOR Filed March 29, 1953 s Sheets-Shet l April 2, 1935. A ARCHEV 1,996,583

DUPLICATOR Filed March 29, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 L1 H Li '1 IIIIIIIIIl/IIIIIIII A. MARCHEV April 2, 1935.

DUPLICATOR 5 SheetsSheet 3 Filed March 29, 1935 April 2, 1935.

A. MARCHEV DUPLICATOR Filed March 29, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 April 2, 1935.

DUPLICATOR A. MARCHEQV 1,996,583

- Filed March 29, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 llnrlllllllllllllllllllllllb I Patented Apr. 2. 1935 PATENT OFFICE DUPLICATOR Alfred Marchev, La Grange, Ill., assignor to Ditto Incorporated, a corporation of West Virginia Application March 29, 1933, Serial No. 663,405

7 Claims.

The invention relates to duplicators and particularly to duplicating bands and means for securing such bands in duplicating machines.

The invention is particularly adapted to be embodied in hectograph machines of the rotary type but the invention is limited to this use only to the extent indicated in the appended claims.

The invention is disclosed in connection with duplicating bands of the type shown in my pending application, Serial Number 599,214 filed March 16, 1932, which bands are adapted for use in duplicators of the type shown in my co-pending application, Serial Number 616,986 filed June 13, 1932.

The invention has, among its other objects, the provision,of an improved duplicating band and improved means for securing it to a duplicating machine.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent as the following detailed description progresses, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a fragmentary longitudinal section taken through a duplicating machine and a gelatin band which embodies the invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on the same line as Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on the same line as Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an elevation of a duplicating cylinder or drum which forms part of the duplicating machine shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged'section taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view of a clip which forms improved means for securing duplicating bands to the duplicating machine shown in Fig. 1.

-Fig. 7 is a section taken on line 1'l of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a plan view, partly broken away, of another duplicating band which embodies the invention.

Fig. 9 is a section taken oirline 9-9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a transverse section taken through a duplicating drum of the type shown'in Fig. 1, improved means being shown for securing a duplicating band to the drum.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary plan view of the duplicating band and fastening means shown in Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged section taken on line l2-l2 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary perspective view of the improved fastening means shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12. r

Fig. 14 'is a fragmentary plan view of a duplicating band provided with improved means for securing it to a duplicating drum or cylinder.

Fig. 15 is an enlarged section taken on line |5-l5 of Fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is an enlarged section taken on line |6--|6 of Fig. 14.

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary perspective of the im- 10 proved fastening means shown in-Figs. 14, 15 and 16.

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary plan view of a duplicating band provided with improved means for fastening it to a duplicating drum or cylin- 15 der.

Fig. 19 is an enlarged section taken on line l9--l9 of Fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is a perspective view of one of the improved fastening means shown in Figs. 18 and 19. 20

Fig. 21 is a fragmentary plan view of a duplicating band which is illustrated in connection with fastening means embodying another form of the invention.

Fig. 22 is an enlarged section taken on line 2222 of Fig. 21. v

Fig. 23 is an enlarged section taken on line 23-23 of Fig. 21.

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary perspective view of i the improved fastening means shown in Figs. 21 to 23, inclusive.

Fig. 25 is a fragmentary plan view .of a duplicating band which is shown in connection with a plurality of fastening means embodying another form of theinvention.

Fig. 26 is an enlarged section taken on line 26--26 of Fig. 25.

Fig.2? is a perspective view of one of the im-- proved fastening devices shown in Fig. 25, and

Fig. 28 is a fragmentary section taken through oneend of a duplicating band which is provided with fastening means embodying still another form of the invention.

Referring for the present to Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, wherein a preferred form of apparatus Q embodying the invention is shown, the reference character I!) designates generally the frame of a duplicating machine which is preferably identical in construction with the duplicating machine described in my co-pending application, Serial Numher 616,986. The machine comprises a duplicating drum or cylinder H which isrotatably journaled in the frame l0 and comprises spaced end discs l2 between which an arcuate platen l3 extends (Figs. 1 and 4). The arcuate platen i3 is goncfiitric with the axis of rotation of the cylin- A duplicating band I5 is trained over the arcuate platen I3 in a manner Well known to those skilled in the art. The duplicating band I5 preferably comprises a backing IE of paper or fabricto which a coating of gelatin I1 has been applied, the gelatin I1 being adapted to receive data from master sheets prepared with suitable inks and being adapted to impart this data to sheets to be duplicated. The gelatin I 1 does not extend to the ends of the backing I6 in the preferred embodiments of the invention, the ends of thebacking I6 being preferably provided with spaced apertures 29 similar to apertures a provided in a duplicating band |5a illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9. The extreme ends of the backing I6 are provided with reenforcing U-shaped strips 2| of sheet metal, these strips 2| being formed on the ends of the backing. It will be noted that the apertures 20 are disposed between the U-shaped strips 2| and the ends of the gelatin I1.

The duplicating machine comprises means (not shown) for feeding sheets to be duplicated to the duplicating cylinder II.. One of these sheets is shown at 23 in Fig. 1 and it will be noted that its forward edge abuts against a margin bar 24 movably mounted in the frame I0, the construction being such that means (not shown) actuated in synchronism with the revolutions of the cylinder I I withdraw the margin'bar 24 to a position outside of the periphery of the cylinder when a sheet 23 hasbeen positioned correctly to be engaged by the gelatin I1 during rotation of the cylinder.

The arcuate platen I3 is preferably formed from sheet metal and comprises inwardly extending integral flanges 25 and 26, the flange 25 being provided with apertures 21 which are alined with the apertures 20 in'one end of the duplicating band I5 carried by the arcuate platen. Projecting through the alined apertures 21 and 20 are a plurality'of stripping fingers 30 carried by a shaft 3| which is oscillated by means (not shown). actuated in synchronism with the revolutions of the cylinder, the construction being such that the forward edges of the sheets being duplicated are bent outwardly during the rotation of the cylinder so that they will be engaged by rolls 34 and 35 adapted to strip the sheets from the gelatin surface. 9

Mounted in the discs I2 is a shaft 31 which journals a sleeve 38 provided with a projecting integral flange 39 (Figs. 1, 4 and 5). A ratchet 40 fixed to one end of the sleeve 38 is engageable by a pawl 4| pivoted by a screw 42 to one of the discs I2. The pawl 4| is held yieldingly in engagement with the ratchet 40 by a-spring 43. When the pawl 4| engages the ratchet 40, it prevents clockwise rotation (Fig. 5) of the ratchet. The pawl 4| is provided with a finger piece 44 whereby the operator of the machine may displace the pawl to disengage it from the ratchet. When the pawl 4| is engaging the ratchet 40, the ratchet and the sleeve 38 may be displaced angularly in a counter-clockwise (Fig. 5) direction by the operator through the medium of a lever 45 fixed to one end of the sleeve 38.

Associated with the ends of the duplicating band I5 are clips or fastening devices 41 which are preferably identical in construction and are preferably formed from sheet metal. As best shown in Figs. 6 and 7 each of the clips or fastening devices 41 comprises two U-shaped members 48 nested in each other and clamped to each other with sufiicient force to secure them to each other permanently. Each U-shaped member 48 has a pluralityof lugs or fingers 49 stamped from it, the fingers 49 being placed to correspond to the spacing of the apertures20 in the duplicating band I5. As illustrated, theclips or fastening devices 41 may be secured detachably to the ends of the duplicating band I5 by inserting the fingers 49 of one U-shaped member 48 through the apertures 20. The fingers 49 of 'the associated U-. shaped member 48 may then be hooked over the flange 25 or the flange 39 (Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 5). After the ends of the duplicating band I5 have been attached to the flanges 25 and 39 in the manner described, the band may be drawn taut over the arcuate platen I3 by displacing the lever 45 to displace the sleeve 38 in a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 5). The pawl 4| will slip over the teeth of the ratchet 40 during this operation, but so soon as the tightening operation has been completed, the pawl 4| will engage the ratchet 40 and retain the duplicating band in its stretched condition.

The duplicating band illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9 is adapted to be employed in connection with the clips or fastening devices 41 and may be utilized in place of the duplicating band 5. As described above, the duplicating band I5a is provided with apertures 20a at its ends. These apertures 20a lie between a gelatin coating I1a and preferably identical in construction with the drum II described above and has the same stripping and tightening mechanisms. The cylinder I lb is interchangeable with the cylinder II. Associated with the arcuate platen |3b of the cylinder III) is a duplicating band I5b which is preferably identical in construction with the duplicating band I5 described above so as to provide spaced apertures 2% adjacent the ends of the band through which the stripping fingers 30b project. The ends of the band I5b are provided with reenforcing strips 2Ib of sheet metal.

The ends of the duplicating band I5b are secured detachably, by clips or fastening devices 41b, to the flange 25b of the platen I3!) and to the flange 39b of the sleeve 3817, the sleeve 38b being identical in construction with the sleeve 38 described above and having associated with it means (not shown) identical in construction with the pawl and ratchet mechanism illustrated in Fi 5.

Each clip or fastening device 49b is preferably formed from sheet metal and preferably comprises a relatively fiat strip 60 formed with spaced and pointed integral tongues or fingers 6| which project at an angle to the strip 60, the tongues or fingers 6| being adapted to enter the apertures 20b as illustrated in Figs. 10, l1 and 12. The strip 60 is also provided with spring fingers 63 bent back over the strip 60 and sufiiciently resilient so that they may be clamped over the flanges 25b and-39b as illustrated in Fig. ID; The

spring fingers 63. will retain the clips or fastening devices 412) on the flanges 25b and 3% even though Referring now to Figs. 14 to 17, inclusive, wherein another embodiment of the invention is illustrated, the reference character I50 designates a duplicating band. which is preferably identical in construction with the duplicating band shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12 and may be utilized in placeof that duplicating band and also in place of the duplicating bands I5 and I5a described above. The duplicating band I5c is provided with clips or fastening devices nc at its ends, only one end of the duplicating band being shown in the drawings. The duplicating band I5c comprises a backing I60 of paper or fabric to which a layer of gelatin He has been applied,

the ends of the gelatin coating I 1c are .spaced from the ends of the backing I60 and theends of the backing I6c are reenforced by sheet metal reenforcing strips 2Ic. Intermediate the reenforcing strips 2Ic and the ends of the gelatin coating I la, the backing I 60 is provided with spaced apertures 200 having the same functions as the apertures 20 in the duplicating band I5 described above. Fastening devices 410 have the same function as'the clips or fastening devices 41 described above and may be utilized to deta hably secure the duplicating band I50 on the arcuate platen of Fig. 1, the clips or fastening devices 410 being engageable with the flanges 25 and 39 of Fig. 1. I

Each'of the fastening devices 410 is preferably formed .from sheet metal and comprises a U-shaped strip I0 adapted to nest one of the reenforcing strips 2lc as best illustrated in Figs. 15 and 16. Projecting from one of the legs of the U-shaped strip I0 and formed'integral therewith are a plurality of spaced elongated tabs II which .construction being such that when the clips or fastening devices 41c are to be assembled with a duplicating band He, the ends of the tongues I4 extend as indicated by dotted lines at He in Fig. 15 and may be passed through the backing I60 and thence through the apertures I5 whereupon they may be bent over as shown in full lines in Figs. 14, 15 and 16 to secure the clip or fastening device 410 to the duplicating band. Fig. 1'7 also illustrates the manner in which the tongues I4 are inserted through the apertures I5. It will be noted that the fastening devices care not secured to the duplicating band He by tongues or fingers engaging the apertures 20c. After the clips or fastening devices 410 have been secured to the ends of the duplicating bands IIc it may be secured to the platen I3 of Fig. 1 in the same manner as the duplicating band I5.

Referring now to Figs. 18 to 20, inclusive, wherein another embodiment of the invention is illustrated, the reference character I511 designates generally a duplicating band which may be utilized in place of the duplicating band I5c in connection with the duplicating mechanism illustrated in Fig. 1. The duplicating band I5d comprises a backing I6d provided with a gelatin coat- The fastening devices fld are mounted on reenforcing strips 2Id clamped to the ends of the backing IGd.

Each fastening device 41d is preferably formed from sheet metaland comprises a strip thereof bent to'provide a U-shaped portion adapted to nest a portion of the reenforcing strip -2Id. One leg of the U-shaped portion 80 is longer than the other and is bent back upon itself to provide hook portions 82 having the same functions as the hook portions I2 described above. The other leg of the U-shaped portion 80 is provided with an integral tongue 84 which may be passed through apertures formed in the longer leg of the U- shaped portion 80 and bent over as illustrated in Figs. 18 and 19 to secure the fastening device l'ld more or less permanently to the duplicating band. It will be readily understood, however, that the fastening devices 41d may be transferred from one gelatin band to another if it is so desired.

Referring now to Figs. 21 to .24, inclusive, the

reference character I5e designates generally a are provided with like fastening means which is designated generally by the reference character He. Each fastening means 41 comprises a flat strip of sheet metal from which a plurality of integral hooks 9| project the hooks 9| being adapted to engage the flanges 25 and 39 of Fig. l. Formed integral with the strip 90 are a plurality of pointed tabs 92 whichproject through apertures 93 in the backing His and are folded over as best illustrated in Figs. 22, 23 and 24 to clamp the associated reenforcing strip 2 I e between them and the main portion of the strip 90. The fastening devices 4Ie may be removed from the duplicating band I5e for use on anotherduplicating band but the preferred practice will be to provide new fastening devices Me for each duplicating band.

Figs. 25 to 27, inclusive, illustrate another form of the invention. A duplicating band I51 comprises a backing I6 which is provided with a gelatin coating Hi. The ends of the coating IIf are spaced from the ends of the backing if and the ends of the backing I 6f are provided with apertures 201' having the same function as apertures 20 provided in the duplicating band I5 described above. Each end of the backing member I6 is provided with a folded reenforcing strip 2 If of sheet metal. Associated with each reenforcing strip 2| 1 are a plurality of spaced fastening de vices I00. Each fastening device I00 is substantially S-shaped to provide hook-portions IM and I02, the hook portions I 0| being adapted to engage the flanges 25 and 39 of the machine shown in Fig. I. The hook portions I02 project through apertures I 03 in the backing if and are clamped upon the folded reenforcing strips 2 If.

Fig. 2B'illustrates still another form of the invention. A duplicating band I5f comprises a backing I6g having a gelatin coating Hg. The

illustrated end of the backing IE9 is reenforced by a folded metal reenforcing strip'2lg. Clamped to the reenforcing strip 2Ig is a fastening device I05 which is preferably substantially S-shaped to provide hook portions I06 and I01, the hook portion I01 being adapted to engage the flanges 25 and 39 of the machine shown in Fig. 1. It will be noted that the hook portion I06 projects through an aperture I08 in the backing I 6g and that it is of sufiicient length to permit it to be Changes, therefore in the construction and arrangement may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as disclosed in the appended claims, in which it is my intention to claim all novelty inherent in my invention as broadly as possible, in view of the prior art.

'I .claim:

l. The combination with a duplicating band, of a fastening device comprising two nested U- shaped strips of metal, one of said strips having members projecting through said band and the other of said strips having hook portions for detachably securing said band on a platen.

2. The combination with a duplicating band comprising a. backing member formed from fibrous material, one end of said backing member being bent over to form a U-shaped portion extending transversely of the backing member, of

' a sheet metal reenforcing member formed on said U-shaped portion, and-a fastening device attached to said reenforcing member and provided with a hook for securing said band to a platen member. V

3. The combination with a duplicating band comprising a backing member formed from fibrous material, one end of said backing member being bent over to form a U-shaped portion extending transversely of the backing member, of a sheet metal reenforcing member formed on said U-shaped portion, and a fastening device detachably attached to said reenforcing member and provided with a hook for securing said band to a platen member.

4. The combination with a duplicating band comprising a backing member formed from fibrous material, one end of said backing member being bent over to provide a U-shaped portion extending transversely of said backing member, of a metallic reenforcing member formed on said U-shaped portion, and a fastening device having a hook detachably engageable with said reenforcing member and having another hook for detachably securing said band on a platen.

5. The combination with a duplicating band comprising a backing member formed from fibrous material, one end of said backing member being bent over to provide a U-shaped portion extending transversely of said backing member, of a metallic reenforcing member formed on said U-shaped portion, and a fastening device having a hook detachably engageable with said reenforcing member and having another hook for detachably securing said band on a platen, the

first-mentioned hook projectingthrotlgh said backing member.

6. The combination with a duplicating band comprising a backing member formed from fibrous material, one end of said backing member being bent over to provide a U-shaped portion extending transversely of said backing member, of a metallic reenforcing member formed on said U-shaped portion, and a fastening device comprising a strip of metal bent around said reenforcing member and having a tongue projecting through an aperture formed in said strip, said strip also having a hook for securing said band to a platen member.

7. The combination with a duplicating band comprising a backing member formed from fibrous material, one end of said backing member being bent over to form a U-shaped portion. extending transversely of the backing member, of a sheet metal reenforcing member on said U- shaped portion, and a fastening device associated with said reenforcing member and provided with a portion projecting through said backing member, said fastening device having means for securing said band to a platen member.

ALFRED MARCHEV. 

